NODE 07 · GS Paper I

Human & Economic Geography

Distribution of key natural resources across the world; factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world including India.— UPSC Mains Syllabus

Human geography: population distribution, migration patterns, urbanisation trends. Economic geography: location theory for industries, resource distribution (coal, oil, iron ore, water), and regional development disparities. UPSC tests the application of locational factors to explain India's industrial geography — why textile mills in Ahmedabad, IT clusters in Bengaluru, steel in Jharkhand.

4 refs

9 PYQs

0 CA entries

0/2 tasks

NCERT References

Chapters with a link open the NCERT Companion page.

Fundamentals of Human Geography

Class 12 NCERT

Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Ch 4 Ch 5 Ch 6

India — People and Economy

Class 12 NCERT

Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Ch 4 Ch 5 Ch 6 Ch 7

Standard Textbooks

GC Leong: Certificate Physical & Human Geography

Chapters: Part 2 — Human Geography

NCERT Class 12 India People and Economy

Chapters: All

Supplementary Sources

Census of India 2011 — Population distribution data

Economic Survey — Infrastructure and industrial chapters

Also relevant when writing this answer

These nodes commonly intersect with this one in real Mains questions. The connection is explained below each link.

GS1 · NODE 05→

Physical Geography

Human geography builds directly on physical geography — the physical terrain and climate that this node covers are the base on which industrial location and population distribution patterns form.

“Questions on regional development disparities or industrial location require both the physical base (Node 05) and the human/economic factors (this node).”

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